Which are the two subcategories of deflection modulation?

Deflection modulation is a technique used primarily in display technologies, allowing for the manipulation of electron beams to create images on screens. The two main subcategories—electromagnetic and electrostatic—are based on the methods used to control the direction of the beam.

Electromagnetic deflection involves controlling the beam using magnetic fields. This is often achieved through the use of coils surrounding the path of the electron beam, which can adjust its trajectory by applying varying magnetic forces. This method is commonly used in CRT (cathode ray tube) displays.

On the other hand, electrostatic deflection utilizes electric fields to control the movement of the beam. By applying voltages to deflection plates positioned near the beam path, the trajectory of the beam can be altered with precision. This approach is typically faster and is often used in applications like oscilloscopes and certain types of flat panel displays.

Other options do not accurately categorize the methods of beam deflection. For instance, radial and circular refer more to geometric paths than techniques. Linear and exponential are terms typically associated with mathematical functions rather than modulation techniques. Lastly, analog and digital are classifications related to signal types rather than to specific methods of deflection modulation. These distinctions highlight the fundamental importance of electromagnetic and electro